Retrospective Study of 1087 Anodized Implants Placed in Private Practice: Risk Indicators Associated With Implant Failure and Relationship Between Bone Levels and Soft Tissue Health

Abstract

Introduction: To evaluate risk indicators associated with implant failure and relationship between bone levels and soft-tissue health of anodized implants placed in private practice. Material and Methods: Partially or completely edentulous patients who received an anodized implant between 2003 and 2013 were included. Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to identify the relationship between study variables and implant failure. Mean marginal bone level changes (MBLD) were assessed using periapical radiographs. Periimplant soft tissue was evaluated using a modified bleeding index (implant mucosal index, IMI). Results: A total of 1087 implants placed in 414 patients were followed for 3.9 6 2.7 years. The cumulative implant survival rate after 10 years of function was 97.0%. Shorter (P ¼ 0.0068) and maxillary implants (P ¼ 0.0314) were associated with lower implant survival rate. Mean MBL decreased from −0.16 6 0.43 mm at baseline to −0.53 6 0.53 mm 8 to 10 years later. Implants with healthier mucosa were associated with less bone loss. Conclusions: Implants with an anodized surface showed a high long-term survival rate in a daily practice. Longer implants and implants placed in the mandible were associated with greater survival. Immediate loading and tapered design did not affect implant survival. Profuse multipoint bleeding and suppuration on recall were associated with greater bone loss.