Visualisation of high temperature magnetisation states in magnetite grains using off-axis electron holography

Abstract

The production of a synthetic basalt comprising Fe3O4 grains (∼ 50 nm to ∼ 500 nm), via a glass ceramic method, has been confirmed using transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. Off-axis electron holography combined with in situ heating allowed for the visualisation of non-uniform vortex states present in saturation remanent structures, and their variation approaching the Curie temperature; determined separately by bulk thermomagnetic measurements.