Correlates of Transformational and Transactional Leadership Styles of Entrepreneurs

Abstract

This study was conducted in the first semester of AY 2018-2019 in Cabanatuan City, Philippines which included describing the personal profile and leadership styles of the participants in the Kapatid Mentor Me Program of the Department of Trade and Industry. This Kapatid Mentor Me Program helps micro, small and medium entrepreneurs the business-know-how in sustaining and expanding their enterprise thru coaching and mentoring. The profile variables considered were sex, age, marital status, educational attainment and length of experience in entrepreneurship; while the management styles and motivation considered were the leadership theories categorized as transformational and transactional leaders. The questionnaire consisted of 24 statements related to the components of transformational leadership based on the study of Xiao, et al. in 2006 such as idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration and transactional leadership such as contingent reward, management-by-exception and laissez-faire leadership. It was based on a modified version of the Multi-factor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ). The study revealed that the entrepreneurs involved in the program were mostly in their middle age, women, married, college graduate and has already earned a relatively long experience in their respective businesses. Pearson r statistics shows that the profile variables did not significantly relate to any construct of either transactional and transformational leadership styles, except for age that negatively, but significantly correlated to transformational leadership. This means that the higher the age of the respondent, the lower his/her transformational leadership tendencies. This further implies that young entrepreneurs tend to be more transformational than their older counterparts. Marilou P. Pascual et al.