A Review on Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

frequent infections, and probability of hospitalization for disease complications. It may cause also limitations for marriage, pregnancy, and employment. These limitations affect mental health of such patients. In addition, thinking about problems over lifespan and reduced life expectancy, caused by disease and its unexpected complications, evoke negative emotions. The resulting hormones from these negative emotions can increase blood sugar and have anti-insulin impacts, which result in diabetic complications in long-term. Indeed, negative emotions (e.g. sadness, anxiety, anger, etc.) can result in secondary hormone secretion problems, and by this way affect diabetes [15-17]. Some psychological problems that are prevalent among people with diabetes cause poor disease-control management [18]. Adaptive coping with stresses, caused by such chronic disease as diabetes, is not an easy task and challenges many patients. A positive significant correlation has been found between poor diabetes control and events that cause negative emotions in patients [16]. The relationship between psychological-behavioral factors and chronic medical conditions is presented in the health-care models [19]. Psychotherapy in medical conditions has decreased the high-costs of exploiting medical services and increased mental health of patients; thus planning and using interventions that are based on effective and evidence-based psychological approaches are very important with respect to medical and chronic diseases in general, and diabetes in specific [18].