Mobility-Related Outcomes of Aquatic Training Programs in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Trial

Abstract

Objective: To compare the outcomes of an aquatic interval training program (AITP) and a Halliwick training program (HTP) in young children with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: Seventeen children aged 3-6 years participated after randomized allocation to either an AITP or HTP. Land-based functional tests: Pediatric Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the 10-meter test, Timed Up and Go (TUG), and the Energy Expenditure Index (EEI), as well as an aquatic skill test (WOTA), were assessed by blinded assessors prior to and after interventions lasting four months (two weekly 30-min sessions). Results: Significant improvement with a large effect size (ES; Cohen’s d >0.8) was observed in the EEI only in the AITP group. TUG performance time and WOTA scores significantly improved, with a large ES in both training groups. Conclusion: AITP appears to be more effective for increasing efficiency while walking. Participants in both training protocols similarly improved in balance and aquatic skill. Keywords: