Effects and characterization of airborne nanoparticles (CuO, ZnO-NPs) in plants

Abstract

Amid the advances in nanotechnology, the use of metal oxide nanoparticles has in-creased, standing out the use of copper oxide and zinc oxide, due to their abundance and their specific properties of great relevance, such as antimicrobial effects, and the improved electrical conductivity and catalysis. The bioaccumulation and interaction of this type of nanoparticles in the environment are largely unknown, generating con-cern about potentially toxic effects that have not yet been adequately studied, hence the importance of knowing their effects on the environment. Among the proposals for environmental studies of nanomaterials, plants stand out as bioindicators, especially after the capture of particles from the atmosphere. This review compiles information about different studies on applications of zinc oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles, how they can be detected, and how they can be captured and characterized by using plants. It also highlights the importance of studies on toxicity and the effects that are generated after the interaction with different plant species, which contribute to under-standing the diverse mechanisms of toxicity, interaction, and accumulation of metals, as well as their degradation in the environment. Finally, alternatives are mentioned to improve the biocompatibility of nanoparticles with the environment and the organisms. Knowing the current state of the topic will allow to consolidate the information obtained so far and the direction to take, for the efficient and responsible use of nanotechnology, ensuring its continuity and development.