Dairy Products in Space Nutrition and Potential Processing of Dairy Products with 3D/4D Printers as a Space Food

Abstract

Dairy products, which have been used for many years in the nutrition of individuals, have many benefits for human health. Due to recent developments such as climate changes, raw material deficiency and increased population, humankind has been forced to seek alternative resources from the space in the latest decades. Yet, in the space, feeding has for so long been world-centered and effectuated short term. Due to swift rise of 3-dimensional and 4-dimensional printer technologies at the end of 20th century, onset of 21st century, quick expansion, and wide use of such technologies, their use in space missions and space-food production has come to the surface. Within the context of this study, data related to utilizing dairy products as a space food and data on using 3-dimensional (3D) and 4-dimensional (4D) printers to generate these products in space mission were collected and evaluated in the review.