Platelet Parameters in Nonthrombocytopenic Preeclampsia: A Case-Control Study

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific, multisystem condition characterized by the onset of de novo hypertension and proteinuria occurring in a previously normotensive woman after the twentieth week of pregnancy. Pregnancy is associated with physiological adaptation led to change in hematological system including platelet parameters. Objectives: Is to compare platelet count, platelet indices, namely mean platelet volume platelet distribution width and platelet count to mean platelet volume MPV ratio in preeclamptic patients with normal pregnant women. Methods: A case-control study was carried out in department of obstetrics and gynecology at Al-Khansaa Maternity and Children Teaching Hospital, Mosul, Iraq over a period extending from February 2020 to the end of December 2020. A sample of 120 pregnant women participated in the study fulfilling inclusion criteria. Sixty of them diagnosed with preeclampsia PE (30 pregnant women with mild PE and 30 pregnant women with severe PE) and sixty healthy pregnant women as control group. Platelet count, mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width (PDW) were measured and statistical analysis by mini tab program was done for all collected data. Results: A significant linear correlation between mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) with mean arterial pressure in Preeclampsia group with p value of (0.025 and 0.001) respectively and a significant inverse correlation between the platelet count and mean arterial pressure with p value of (<0.001) was observed. Conclusion: Platelet parameters are cost-effective, easily measurable, and practical markers which can be used for monitoring of preeclampsia. Mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) has a significant linear correlation with mean arterial pressure in severe preeclampsia and can be used as biomarker for severity of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women.