Cutaneous drug reaction secondary to antitubercular regimen: A case report from Nepal

Abstract

Cutaneous adverse drug reactions are known side effects of first-line antitubercular therapy, which ranges from mild pruritus to life-threatening toxic epidermal necrolysis. Severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions can lead to antitubercular therapy discontinuation and further complicates tuberculosis treatment. Here we present the case of a 49-year-old obese male who developed a generalized maculopapular rash within 24 hours of initiation of therapy followed by bullae over palms in 3 days. Antitubercular therapy was immediately discontinued, and he was managed with antihistamines, intravenous fluid, and electrolyte supplementation. He was discharged on antihistamines, a short course of systemic steroids, moxifloxacin, and bedaquiline (second-line antitubercular therapy (ATT)). Proper guidelines about rechallenge therapy will enormously aid in managing cutaneous adverse drug reactions, and efficient treatment of tuberculosis in these patients, and ceasing its progression to multisystemic complications. This article aims to discuss the presentation and management of cutaneous adverse drug reactions in the setting of Nepal.