The prevalence of conjunctivitis in patients with novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and preventive measures

Abstract

According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, coronavirus infection can cause follicular conjunctivitis. However, transmission path-ways and conjunctival tropism of SARS-CoV-2 are still disputable. This paper reviews a few studies on the possible involvement of SARS-CoV-2 in ocular surface diseases and ocular defence mechanisms against viruses. More research is needed to describe the presence of viral RNA in tears and to determine whether SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted by the contact with conjunctiva and/or through secrets although conjunctivitis was diagnosed in only a few patients with COVID-19 and only a few patients were positive for SARS-CoV-2 by conjunctival polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Potential transmission of novel coronavirus through the ocular surface is of great concern to ophthalmologists. Considering this, close prox-imity eye examinations (when physical touch is required) are associated with high risks of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to ophthalmologists. Therefore, examinations should be performed using personal protective equipment. The review of available data will help understand ocular manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection and keep preventive measures.