Application Study on the Activated Coke for Mercury Adsorption in the Nonferrous Smelting Industry

Abstract

The massive release of mercury undermines environmental sustainability, and with the official entry into force of the Minamata Convention, it is urgent to strengthen the control of mercury pollution. The effectiveness of activated coke (AC) in removing elemental mercury (Hg0) from high temperatures and sulfur nonferrous smelting flue gas before acid production was studied. Experimental results indicated that the optimal temperature for Hg0 adsorption by AC was 150 °C. And the adsorption of Hg0 by AC was predominantly attributed to physical adsorption. Flue gas components (SO2 and O2) impact studies indicated that O2 did not significantly affect Hg0 adsorption compared to pure N2. Conversely, SO2 suppressed the adsorption capacity, while the simultaneous presence of SO2 and O2 exhibited a synergistic effect in facilitating the removal of Hg0. The characterization results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that the SO2 molecule favored to anchor at the Oα site, leading to the formation of SO3. This subsequently oxidized the mercury to HgSO4 instead of HgO. The study demonstrates that cheap and easily accessible AC applications in the adsorption of mercury technology may help improve the sustainability of the circular economy and positively impact various environmental aspects.