A comparison of modern frameworks for the development of interoperable healthcare information systems

Abstract

Despite the strong consensus behind the need for an interoperable Healthcare Information System (HIS), the universal acceptance of a standard HIS framework has advanced very little and is yet to become a market reality. In an effort to advance this endeavor, this work provides a systematic comparison regarding two of the most relevant HIS frameworks recently proposed: The Integrated Clinical Environment (ICE) and the Healthcare Industry 4.0 Framework. The paper analyzes their differences and similarities and proposes a minimum set of requirements for prospective interoperable HIS architectures compliant with the Industry 4.0 design principles, goal-setting pillars, as well as support for closed-loop physiological systems. Finally, the paper discusses future works in the field.