Neurorehabilitation for functional recovery

Abstract

Functional motor recovery after stroke is based on the brain and spinal reorganization. Functional reorganization in the brain and spinal interneurons are induced by the disinhibition of the intracortical interneurons and the change in spinal reciprocal inhibition. Brain machine interface, hybrid assistive neuro-muscular dynamic stimulation（HANDS）protocol, and spinal stimulation were developed for functional recovery after stroke in the field of neurorehabilitation. This article reviews the mechanism and effects of the brain machine interface, HANDS protocol, and spinal stimulation in the functional motor recovery of patients with stroke.