Detection of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda and its damage symptoms to maize in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract

The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda is a new pest found on maize in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the presence of FAW on maize in East Kalimantan. Observations were made in Bangun Rejo Village, Tenggarong Seberang Sub-district, Kutai Kartanegara District, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia; in August 2021. The observation plots are determined using purposive sampling techniques. The data acquired were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Morphological characters stated that FAW larvae had inverted Y-shaped markings on the front of the head and black spots forming a square and trapezoidal pattern on the abdomen. During our observations, we only found FAW larvae and pupa. The FAW larvae found were divided into six instar groups, which varied in size. The length of FAW larvae instar 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 were 5.50, 7.83, 13.10, 18.67, 24.80, and 30.33 mm, respectively. While the head diameters are 0.70, 0.93, 1.32, 1.83, 2.68, and 3.03 mm, respectively. Damage symptoms by FAW larvae show numerous ragged holes in leaves, whorls, and frass around feeding areas.