Evaluation and Treatment of Overactive Bladder after History of Cancer Treatment

Abstract

Overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome is a common condition associated with a lower quality of life. It poses a significant health burden to patients and cost to the health care system. The etiology of OAB symptoms after cancer treatment may be idiopathic or neurogenic. Pelvic surgery and radiation are associated with neurogenic changes that can cause OAB symptoms. Comprehensive evaluation is indicated in this high-risk group. Management of OAB symptoms is patient centered with a focus on initiating therapy with the fewest side effects that are reversible. Behavioral, medical therapy, botulinum injections, sacral neuromodulation (SNM), percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS), and urinary reconstruction will be discussed. An in-depth discussion about each of the treatment options will assist in selecting the optimal treatment.