Serial Monitoring of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter for Prediction of Functional Outcome in Acute Ischaemic Stroke: A Diagnostic Accuracy Study

Abstract

Background Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) can be reliably detected at the bedside using the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD). The functional outcome in stroke patients can be predicted with the use of acute-phase ONSD dynamics. Objectives To determine the predictive accuracy of ONSD on days 0, one, and three for the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients presented to emergency medicine as measured by Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. Methods The study involved the enrollment of patients who presented to the emergency department with clinical and radiological diagnosis of ischemic stroke within 24 hours of onset of symptoms. On the day of the incident, day one and day three, the optic nerve sheath diameter was measured transorbitally, 3 mm behind the optic disc. On days 28 and 90, the patient's functional outcome was evaluated using the mRS score. An mRS score of ≤ 3 is considered a good functional outcome, and > 3 is considered a poor functional outcome. Results Study partici