Role of synbiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus and prebiotic mixtures) to improve growth performance, feed utilization, biochemical and histological parameters of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)

Abstract

Nine treatments, control group (D0), Lactobacillus acidophilus 1×106 CFU g−1+2g prebiotic mixtures kg-1 (D1), L. acidophilus 1×106 CFU g−1+2.5g prebiotic mixtures kg-1 (D2), L. acidophilus 1×106 CFU g−1+3g prebiotic mixtures kg-1 (D3), L. acidophilus 2×106 CFU g−1+2g prebiotic mixtures kg-1 (D4), L. acidophilus 2×106 CFU g−1+2.5g prebiotic mixtures kg-1 (D5), L. acidophilus 2×106 CFU g−1+3g prebiotic mixtures kg-1 (D6), L. acidophilus 3×106 CFU g−1 +2g prebiotic mixtures kg-1 (D7), L. acidophilus 3×106 CFU g−1+2.5g prebiotic mixtures kg-1 diet (D8) and L. acidophilus 3×106 CFU g−1 +3g prebiotic mixtures kg-1 (D9) were added to the experimental diets of red tilapia fingerlings, Oreochromis sp. The average body weight of fish was 4.14±0.02g and distributed at a rate of 10 fish per 168 liters aquarium. Two aquaria have been assigned for each treatment. The highest final weight, weight gain, final length and growth rate were obtained for D6 group. Whereas the best feed conversion and feed efficiency were observed in D4 group. D8 was significantly higher in HSI, VSI and RGI. The highest value of total protein was recorded in D2 group. Histologically, D1 showed normal villous architecture. D7, D8 and D9 groups showed high improvement with a normal villous architecture and improvement of length, muscular layer thickness and increaseed number of villi and goblet cells. As compared to the control fed fish, the mixture of synbiotics is promising as immune enhancer in aquaculture fish.