Product characteristics, amino acid and fatty acid profiles of milkfish (Chanos chanos) with different cooking methods

Abstract

Different cooking methods would produce different product characteristics. The aim of this study was to identify product characteristics (sensory analysis, texture, color, yield, and proximate analysis), amino acid profile, and fatty acid profile of cooked milkfish. Milkfish were boiled (18 mins, 100°C), steamed (30 mins, 100°C), and pressure steamed (120 mins, 121°C with a pressure of 1 atm). Based on the sensory value, the most preferred milkfish by the panelists was pressure steamed milkfish. Pressure steamed milkfish had the highest a* and b* values and produced the hardest texture. The highest yield was obtained from steaming. The proximate composition showed that boiled milkfish had the highest moisture, ash, protein, and fat content. Different cooking methods had different effects on amino acids and fatty acids because cooking time plays a role in determining changes in the amount of amino acids and fatty acids. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, and leucine were the dominant amino acids. The dominant fatty acid profiles were palmitic acid, oleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and linoleic acid. Pressure steaming was the process that took the longest time, so that the proximate and amino acid content in it was lower than boiled and steamed, which had a shorter cooking time. However, pressure steamed cooking resulted in the most preferred product by the panelists.