Understanding the Importance of Soft Tissue with Cephalometry in Orthodontics - A Comparative Study in Gujarati Population

Abstract

Aims and Objectives: To establish the Soft Tissue and Dentoskeletal parameters for the young Indian adults of Gujarat State, according to Arnett and Bergman STCA and to compare the values of Arnett and Bergman STCA of Gujarati population with the original norms (i.e. for the Caucasian white population) of Arnett Bergman STCA and to identify differences if any. METHODS In this study, standard cephalometric radiographs of about 100 adults were taken with age ranging from 19 yrs 1 month to 24 yrs 9 months with Class 1 normal occlusion with all permanent teeth present and possessing good facial symmetry with cephalometric parameter readings within normal range and not having undergone any orthodontic or maxillofacial / plastic surgery in the past. Tracings were made manually and the values were measured and analysed statistically. Results: The statistical data was analysed with statistical software S.P.S.S 6.1.4 for Windows. The findings obtained revealed a preponderance of weak chin in Gujarati population. Overall facial length was lower with acute nasolabial angle and thinner lower lip with a decreased inter-labial gap as well as decreased maxillary incisor exposure when compared to the white population. Conclusion: The findings suggest a need for further studies to confirm normal soft tissue cephalometric values not only for the Gujarati population but also for the population of other states because of interstate ethnic group variations. These will directly influence orthodontic and orthognathic diagnosis as well as treatment planning.