Spontaneous quantum Hall states and novel Luttinger liquids in chiral graphene

Abstract

Chirally stacked neutral N-layer graphene systems with N ≥ 2 exhibit spontaneous inversion symmetry breaking and interaction induced charge gaps due to interlayer exchange interactions. A variety of distinct broken symmetry states are distinguished by their charge, spin, and valley Hall conductivities, by their orbital magnetizations, and by their edge state properties. In the spinless case, quantum anomalous and valley Hall states are favored by a weak magnetic field and by an electric field between the graphene layers, respectively. At interfaces between different phases one dimensional gapless modes exhibit novel Luttinger liquid behaviors.