Experimental characterization of APS undulator A at high photon energies (50-200 keV)

Abstract

The considerable intensity of Advanced Photon Source (APS) undulator A as a source of high-energy X-rays permits the performance of numerous types of experiments that require such photon energies. Measured and calculated properties, in the 50-200 keV range, of the X-ray beam from undulator A, installed in sector 1 of the APS, are presented. The flux spectra observed at various gaps agree well with calculations that incorporate the actual magnetic field within the device and the emittance and energy spread of the stored positrons. The field errors and energy spread cause the X-ray beam to lose undulator radiation properties at high energies, as seen in the smeared-out spectral harmonics and increased beam divergence, giving resemblance to a low-Κ wiggler source. Owing to the wiggler-like behavior in this photon-energy range, the optimal operating condition for undulator A is in the vicinity of the closed-gap setting, corresponding to a maximum critical energy.