Unusual fungal lesion presenting as a neoplastic pediatric tongue mass

Abstract

Tongue lesions in the pediatric population are rare. The differential diagnosis of these lesions is broad, and rapid growth of the lesion is concerning for a neoplastic process. We present a rare case of a fungal lesion mimicking a neoplastic growth in a 22-month-old girl. She underwent complete excision successfully. Full evaluation for benign and malignant neoplasms was negative. Tissue culture demonstrated growth of a rare Candida species to be the cause of the lesion. Postoperatively, she continues to do well, without regrowth 6 months later. This case reinforces the role of tissue culture when histology fails to demonstrate a diagnosis and emphasizes the need for efficient communication between the pediatrician, otolaryngologist, and pathologist for timely excision.