The Complexity of the Population Dynamics of Triatoma brasiliensis in Rural Northeast Brazil Indicated by Genetic Characterization

Abstract

Background: Triatoma brasiliensis, the primary Chagas Disease vector in the northeast of Brazil, poses a significant challenge for control due to its adaptability and ability to colonize anthropic environments. The limited number of previous studies on the population dynamics of T. brasiliensis hinders the development of effective control strategies. Materials and Methods: We analyzed the genetic structure of 229 T. brasiliensis specimens collected in the municipality of Jaguaruana in the northeast Brazilian state of Ceará using microsatellite markers. Findings: Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium prevailed, with substantial genetic variability (67.2%) among individuals and inbreeding, but genetic differentiation lacked correlation with geographical distance (Mantel’s test). Principal Conclusions: The complex population dynamics in Jaguaruana revealed diverse sources of anthropogenic colonization, impacting regional control. This study underscores the necessity of comprehending intricate infestation processes for planning effective vector surveillance and control strategies.