An efficient deployment model for maximizing coverage of heterogeneous wireless sensor network based on harmony search algorithm

Abstract

Due to the increase of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies demand, the optimal sensor node deployment is considered as one of the most important factors that directly affect the network coverage. Most researches in WSNs that solved the problem of coverage in homogeneous and heterogeneous cases are suffering from many drawbacks such as consumed energy and high cost. In this paper, we propose an efficient deployment model based on probabilistic sensing model (PSM) and harmony search algorithm (HSA) to achieve the balance between the network coverage performance and the network cost in a heterogeneous wireless sensor network (HEWSN). The HSA is used for deployment optimization of HEWSN nodes which makes a balance between the coverage and financial cost. The PSM is used to solve the overlapping problem among the sensors. The performance of the proposed model is analyzed in terms of coverage ratio and cost evaluations. The simulation results showed the capability of the proposed heterogeneous deployment model to achieve maximum coverage and a minimum number of sensors compared to homogeneous deployment. Furthermore, a comparative study with a meta-heuristic genetic-based algorithm in HEWSN has also been conducted, and its results confirm the superiority of the proposed model.