Polypyrrole based next generation electrochemical sensors and biosensors: A review

Abstract

Polypyrrole is one of the most extensively used conducting polymers to design bioanalytical sensors. This review presents a broad overview of the application of polypyrrole based electrochemical sensors and biosensors, including DNA biosensors, immunosensors with respect to analytical chemistry. Objective of the review is to illustrate the impact of sensor performance in various combinations viz. conducting polypyrrole with inorganic metal oxide, metal nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes and graphene. Furthermore, the preparation of voltammetric sensors, biosensors comprising DNA biosensors and immunosensors in which polypyrrole nanocomposite play a significant role in their sensing performance have also been reviewed and covers developments reported in the period 2010–2017.