Stabilized turbulent fluid friction and heat transfer in circular tubes with internal sand type roughness at moderate Prandtl numbers

Abstract

A mixing length type model is proposed and numerical results are reported for the Fanning friction factor and the heat transfer coefficient-the Nusselt number-for hydrodynamically and thermally stabilized single phase incompressible turbulent forced convection flow in a round tube with internally sand-roughened walls for moderate Prandtl numbers. Both constant wall heat flux and wall temperature boundary conditions are simulated. A comparison between present results and other experimental and numerical data available indicates better agreement compared to calculations published earlier. © 1989.