Classifications of oral lesions in HIV infection

Abstract

Background: Manifestations of immunosuppression may take the form of opportunistic infection, and neoplasia. While this paper has focused on gingival and periodontal manifestations, these tissues cannot be evaluated in isolation. The presence of involvement of other oral tissues such as the cheek or tongue with manifestations associated with HIV such as hairy leukoplakia, Kaposi's sarcoma at these sites, and candidiasis in addition to periodontal manifestations may further increase the clincial suspicion of underlying immunosuppression and/or progression of the immunosuppressive state. Discussion: The periodontist plays an essential rôle in identifying the periodontal status of an individual and has an important rôle to play in early recognition of signs and symptoms of HIV disease or progression of the medical condition. Conclusion: Only through such recognition can appropriate definitive diagnostic testing be conducted, and appropriate therapeutic intervention for the oral condition and the systemic condition be considered. © Munksgaard, 2001.