Cognitive impairment is a clinical syndrome consisting of chronic abnormality in at least one cognitive domain with regard to what would be expected in a person of the same age and educational level. In elderly individuals, the most common origin is degenerative and Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent cause; it represents a public health problem. Neurodegeneration occurs in the presence of extracellular neuritic amyloid plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles. The recognition of sustained, progressive, typical clinical patterns, especially in its initial phase, which is known as mild cognitive impairment, should lead to a consultation for further study. The main differential diagnoses are psychiatric disorders, delirium, and drug-induced cognitive impairment. The first line of treatment for cognitive impairment is non-pharmacological treatment. The only approved drugs for Alzheimer's disease are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and memantine.
CITATION STYLE
Sáez, C. M. Z., Espeso, E. A. R., & Jentoft, L. A. H. S. y.A.J.Cruz. (2021). Cognitive impairment in the elderly. Medicine (Spain), 13(46), 2671–2687. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.med.2021.12.002
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