Rheumatoid arthritis is a common chronic inflammatory and destructive arthropathy that cannot be cured and that has substantial personal, social, and economic costs. The long-term prognosis is poor: 80 percent of affected patients are disabled after 20 years,1 and life expectancy is reduced by an average of 3 to 18 years.2 The medical cost of rheumatoid arthritis averages $5,919 per case per year in the United States3 and approximately £2,600 per case per year in the United Kingdom.4 Current slow-acting antirheumatic drugs have limited efficacy and many side effects. Moreover, they do not improve the long-term prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis. . . .
CITATION STYLE
Choy, E. H. S., & Panayi, G. S. (2001). Cytokine Pathways and Joint Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis. New England Journal of Medicine, 344(12), 907–916. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm200103223441207
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