Dimensi Spiritual Dalam Psikologi Modern: Psikologi Transpersonal Sebagai Pola Baru Psikologi Spiritual

Abstract

The human need for spirituality and a meaningful life has been discussed widely by scholars and therapists as a solution to the spirituality crisis faced by modern society. Some Transpersonal Psychologists such as Frankl, Maslow, and Jung have shown the significance of the relationship between the human condition and the human spiritual dimension in the success of Human life. Frankl strongly believed that the spiritual aspect of human life is considered as a significant step towards developing more effective treatment (1975:104). Maslow stated that people who get meaningful life is the one who gets his/her peak experience (1966: 63). While Jung believed that the study of human personality is not only based on experimental-clinical processes but also spiritual obne (1938: 12). Because of these beliefs, many Muslim psychologists (Malik Badri:1995; Bastaman:1995; Allen Bergin:1994) have assumed that Transpersonal Psychology has similar concepts of spirituality to the Islamic Psychology's doctrine. They have strong evidence to argue that Transpersonal Psychology attempts to re-insert religion into Psychology. This paper, based on an Islmaic Perspective aims to analyze the position of Transpersonal Psychology within spirituality in Islamic perspective. It is hoped that such an exploration can synergize the relationship between Islam sciences which tends to utilize a more religious-metaphysical approach and Psychology that tends to utilize a more objective and scientific approach. PENDAHULUAN Tidak dipungkiri, bahwa perkembangan keilmuan modern telah begitu didominasi oleh paham sekularisme. Paham yang sedemikian lama mendominasi sejarah peradaban modern hingga akhirnya telah menghantarkan jurang pemisah yang dalam antara kegiatan ilmu dengan spiritualitas agama, dan pada gilirannya