The aim of this work was to optimize the acid-catalyzed conversion of glucose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in an aqueous medium using niobic acid (NbO), niobium phosphate (NbP) and a mixture of both solid acid catalysts. A simplex-centroid mixture design was applied to optimize the mixture ratio between NbO and NbP. A central composite design was applied to process optimization. The studied variables were temperature (T), time (t) and substrate to catalyst weight ratio (RS/C). The mixture design revealed excellent glucose conversion (55%) and HMF selectivity (56%) when the weight ratio between NbO and NbP was equal to 1:1. The experimental results demonstrate that a mixture of both solid acids provides a better combination of Brønsted and Lewis acidity for effective glucose dehydration into HMF than each individual catalyst.
CITATION STYLE
Catrinck, M. N., Ribeiro, E. S., Monteiro, R. S., Ribas, R. M., Barbosa, M. H. P., & Teófilo, R. F. (2017). Direct conversion of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural using a mixture of niobic acid and niobium phosphate as a solid acid catalyst. Fuel, 210, 67–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2017.08.035
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