Early life history of the pipefish Nerophis lumbriciformis (Pisces: Syngnathidae)

Abstract

The embryonic and larval development of the pipefish Nerophis lumbriciformis is described. The full development sequence lasted 30 d (at 14-15°C), being shortened to 25-26 d at higher temperatures (16-17°C), and hatching occurred throughout a 2-3 d period. Unlike species of the genus Syngnathus, the newly hatched larvae presented a functional mouth apparatus and the yolk sac completely absorbed.