EFFECTS OF MINOR ELEMENTS ON THE STRUCTURE OF CAST IRONS.

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Abstract

The wide variations in the structure of cast irons that may result from the presence of small amounts of certain elements are reviewed based on the information available in the literature. The effects of the more significant of these elements on the graphite and matrix structure in gray and ductile irons are presented. Emphasis is placed on the effects of these elements on controlling nucleation and growth of graphite during solidification; nucleation of the austenitic dendrites and decomposition of the austenite are also discussed. The influence of the following elements is included: the gases, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen; the low melting metals, lead, bismuth, antimony, and arsenic; sulfur and those elements which react with sulfur such as magnesium, cerium, strontium, and titanium. The role of these elements in producing the various types of flakes, spheroidal, and degenerate graphite is discussed. The significant role of sulfur and oxygen in both nucleation and growth of eutectic graphite is described. The effect of antimony, tin, arsenic, and other minor elements on producing a pearlitic matrix is rationalized.

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APA

Wallace, J. F. (1975). EFFECTS OF MINOR ELEMENTS ON THE STRUCTURE OF CAST IRONS. In Trans Am Foundrymen’s Soc (Vol. 83, pp. 363–378).

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