Selective binding by metalloproteins to their cognate metal Ions is essential to cellular survival. How proteins originally acquired the ability to selectively bind metals and evolved a diverse array of metalcentered functions despite the availability of only a few metal-coordinating functionalities remains an open question. Using a rational design approach (Metal-Templated Interface Redesign), we describe the transformation of a monomeric electron transfer protein, cytochrome cb562, into a tetrameric assembly ( C96RIDC-14) that stably and selectively binds Zn 2+ and displays a metal-dependent conformational change reminiscent of a signaling protein. A thorough analysis of the metal binding properties ofC96RIDC-14 reveals that It can also stably harbor other divalent metals with affinities that rival (Ni2+) or even exceed (Cu2+) those of Zn2+ on a per site basis. Nevertheless, this analysis suggests that our templating strategy simultaneously introduces an increased bias toward binding a higher number of Zn2+ ions (four high affinity sites) versus Cu2+ or Ni2+ (two high affinity sites), ultimately leading to the exclusive selectivity of C96RIDC14 for Zn2+ over those ions. More generally, our results indicate that an initial metal-driven nucleation event followed by the formation of a stable protein architecture around the metal provides a straightforward path for generating structural and functional diversity. © 2010 American Chemical Society.
CITATION STYLE
Brodin, J. D., Medina-Morales, A., Ni, T., Salgado, E. N., Ambroggio, X. I., & Akif Tezcan, F. (2010). Evolution of metal selectivity in templated protein interfaces. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 132(25), 8610–8617. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja910844n
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