Mechanisms by which thiazolidinediones enhance insulin action

Abstract

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are an exciting new class of insulin- sensitizing drugs being used currently for the treatment of non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus. The molecular target of these compounds is thought to be the nuclear hormone receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). PPARγ is expressed predominantly in adipose tissue, yet a major site of TZD-responsive glucose disposal is skeletal muscle. Potential explanations for this paradox are discussed in this review.