Studies of automotive traffic have shown that on average 30% of traffic in congested urban areas is due to cruising drivers looking for parking. While we have witnessed a push towards sensing technologies to monitor real-time parking availability, instrumenting on-street parking throughout a city is a considerable investment. In this paper, we present ParkSense, a smartphone based sensing system that detects if a driver has vacated a parking spot. ParkSense leverages the ubiquitous Wi-Fi beacons in urban areas for sensing unparking events. It utilizes a robust Wi-Fi signature matching approach to detect driver's return to the parked vehicle. Moreover, it uses a novel approach based on the rate of change of Wi-Fi beacons to sense if the user has started driving. We show that the rate of change of the observed beacons is highly correlated with actual user speed and is a good indicator of whether a user is in a vehi- cle. Through empirical evaluation, we demonstrate that our approach has a significantly smaller energy footprint than traditional location sensors like GPS and Wi-Fi based posi- Tioning while still maintaining sufficient accuracy. © 2013 by the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc.
CITATION STYLE
Nawaz, S., Efstratiou, C., & Mascolo, C. (2013). Parksense: A smartphone based sensing system for on-street parking. In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, MOBICOM (pp. 75–86). https://doi.org/10.1145/2500423.2500438
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