Reduced Short‐chain Fatty Acid Producing Microbiota are Linked to Increased Energy Intake and Susceptibility to High Fat Diet Induced Hepatic Steatosis in Low Aerobic Capacity Rats

  • Panasevich M
  • Morris E
  • Chintapalli S
  • et al.
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Abstract

Poor aerobic fitness is linked to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and increased all‐cause mortality. We have previously shown that low aerobically fit, low capacity running (LCR) rats fed an acute high fat diet (HFD; 45% kcal from fat) for 3 days displayed a greater positive energy balance due to a greater increase in energy intake and reduced energy expenditure, which likely played a role in their susceptibility for hepatic steatosis compared with high aerobically fit, high capacity running (HCR) rats. Here, we tested the hypothesis that poor physiological outcomes in LCR rats following acute HFD feeding are associated with alterations in cecal microbiota. Through amplification of the V4 region of bacterial 16S rDNA, we found that at the phylum level, the LCR rats had a reduced relative abundance of cecal Proteobacteria (P<0.05) and increased Cyanobacteria (P<0.05) compared with HCR rats. Interestingly within Proteobacteria, Desulfovibrionaceae, and unassigned genera within Desulfovibrionaceae , were increased (P<0.05) in HCR compared with LCR rats, suggesting increased sulfur reduction from endogenous substrates (i.e. mucins and proteins). Conversely, the Proteobacteria family Alcaligenaceae was increased (P<0.05) in LCR compared with HCR rats, which may be related to susceptibility to NAFLD in the LCR rats. While acute HFD feeding reduced the overall relative abundance of Firmicutes in both strains, short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA)‐producing Phascolarctobacterium and Butyricimonas were reduced (P<0.05) only in the LCR rats. In addition, SCFA‐producing Ruminococcae (r=−0.75) and Ruminococcus (r=−0.73, P<0.01) were negatively correlated with energy intake only in the LCR rats. Overall, these data suggest that the susceptibility to acute HFD‐induced increases in energy intake and hepatic steatosis in low aerobically fit animals is associated with changes in the cecal microbiome, particularly suppression of SCFA‐producing bacteria. Support or Funding Information AHA 14POST20110034 (EMM), NIH R01DK088940 (JPT), P40OD021331 and R01DK099034 (LGK and SLB), USDA‐CRIS 6206‐51000‐007‐00D‐05 (KS), VA‐CDA2 IK2BX001299 (RSR).

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Panasevich, M. R., Morris, E. M., Chintapalli, S. V., Wankhade, U., Shankar, K., Britton, S. L., … Rector, R. S. (2016). Reduced Short‐chain Fatty Acid Producing Microbiota are Linked to Increased Energy Intake and Susceptibility to High Fat Diet Induced Hepatic Steatosis in Low Aerobic Capacity Rats. The FASEB Journal, 30(S1). https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1252.1

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