Scaling up: From individual design to collaborative design to collective design

Abstract

This paper presents a conceptual space for collective design to facilitate development of design environments that encourage large-scale participation in the next generation of challenging design tasks. Developing successful collective design starts by understanding how individual and collaborative design are supported with computing technology and then goes beyond collaborative design to structure and organize the design tasks so that people are motivated to participate. The analysis in this paper develops and illustrates several categories of motivation to be considered when implementing an environment for collective design.