A Survey : Different Mobility Model for FANET

Abstract

— FANET(Flying Ad-Hoc Network) is a collection of small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). UAVs fly in the sky and communicate through each other with the help of satellite or base station and create a ad-hoc network. This makes them a very attractive technology for many civilian and military applications. As a large amount of research for mobile ad-hoc networks(MANET) and Vehicular-ad-hoc networks (VANET) has been conducted in recent years, new emerging research challenge, aircraft ad-hoc networks, has attracted considerable attention from the research community. These networks aim to construct self organizing networks with flying aircrafts in the sky instead of typical aircraft-ground aircraft communications. One of the most important design problem for multi-UAV system for FANET is the Mobility which is necessary for cooperation and collaboration between the UAV. To address this problem various Mobility model of FANET are introduced. Mobility Model define path and speed variations of the UAV and represent their position. Keywords— FANET, Ad-hoc Network, UAVs, MANET, VANET, Mobility Model. I. INTRODUCTION FANETs are a special case of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs)[1]. In a FANET, the topology of the network can change more frequently as compare to MANET or vehicle ad hoc network (VANET). One of the most important design challenge for the multi UAV systems is the communication. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) systems fly autonomously without carrying any human help. Usage of UAVs promises new ways for both military and civilian applications[2] ranging from search and rescue operations to disaster monitoring. FANET develop a group of small UAVs will form a special kind of ad hoc network Architecture. This type of networking architecture is called Flying Ad Hoc Networks (FANETs) which also have unique challenges other than MANETs or VANETs. In FANET each UAVs can connect directly through the satellite or ground station to establish an ad hoc network among all UAVs as show in Fig 1.. Ad hoc network between UAVs, is one of the most effective communication architectures for multi UAV systems . By the help of its multi hop communication schema, FANET architecture certify that all UAVs are connected to each other and to the base station or satellite for all time without any infrastructure, even if a UAV cannot directly communicate with the base station or satellite. In this way, not only it can transfer the collected data to the control centre immediately, but also it can support the inter-UAV communication which is crucial to realize the collaboration among UAVs[3]. FANET have high mobility degree as comparison to other ad hoc network . However, because of high mobility of the UAVs, the topology of FANET nodes changes very frequently, and all-time connectivity becomes an important constraint for the FANET based multi UAV task planning. distance between UAV nodes is larger. High gain antenna is required to achieve longer range. long range transmission can also help to reduce hop count and enhance latency performance. most UAV perform real time operation (video transmission etc), where high data rate is required. this leads to high bandwidth requirement compared to MANET or VANET.FANET require high speed as compare to the MANET and VANET.