Tailoring ruthenium exposure to enhance the performance of fcc platinum@ruthenium core-shell electrocatalysts in the oxygen evolution reaction

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Abstract

The catalytic properties of noble metal nanocrystals are a function of their size, structure, and surface composition. In particular, achieving high activity without sacrificing stability is essential for designing commercially viable catalysts. A major challenge in designing state-of-the-art Ru-based catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which is a key step in water splitting, is the poor stability and surface tailorability of these catalysts. In this study, we designed rapidly synthesizable size-controlled, morphology-selective, and surface-tailored platinum-ruthenium core-shell (Pt@Ru) and alloy (PtRu) nanocatalysts in a scalable continuous-flow reactor. These core-shell nanoparticles with atomically precise shells were produced in a single synthetic step with carbon monoxide as the reducing agent. By varying the metal precursor concentration, a dendritic or layer-by-layer ruthenium shell can be grown. The synthesized Pt@Ru and PtRu nanoparticles exhibit noticeably higher electrocatalytic activity in the OER compared to that of pure Pt and Ru nanoparticles. Promisingly, Pt@Ru nanocrystals with a ∼2-3 atomic layer Ru cuboctahedral shell surpass conventional Ru nanoparticles in terms of both durability and activity.

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Alyami, N. M., Lagrow, A. P., Joya, K. S., Hwang, J., Katsiev, K., Anjum, D. H., … Bakr, O. M. (2016). Tailoring ruthenium exposure to enhance the performance of fcc platinum@ruthenium core-shell electrocatalysts in the oxygen evolution reaction. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 18(24), 16169–16178. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6cp01401a

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