This manuscript reports the first example of up-conversion properties involving Yb 3+ and Tb 3+ ions in five isostructural Lanthanide-Organic Frameworks (LnOFs), herein designated as UCMarker-1 to UCMarker-5, respectively, and their application as optical probes for the identification of gunshot residues (GSRs) and the ammunition encryption procedure. The excitation of the Yb 3+ 2F 7/2 ↔ 2F 5/2 transition (980 nm) at room temperature leads to visible up-conversion (UC) emission of Tb 3+ 5D 4 → 7F J. The GSR and lead-free primer residues are easily identified upon UV radiation (λ = 254 nm). These results prove that the exploration of LnOFs to identify GSR is attractive for the identification of ammunition origins or caliber recognition. © 2012 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
CITATION STYLE
Weber, I. T., Terra, I. A. A., Melo, A. J. G. D., Lucena, M. A. D. M., Wanderley, K. A., Paiva-Santos, C. D. O., … Rodrigues, M. O. (2012). Up-conversion properties of lanthanide-organic frameworks and how to track ammunitions using these materials. RSC Advances, 2(7), 3083–3087. https://doi.org/10.1039/c2ra01214f
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