Impacts of aerosol chemical compositions on optical properties in urban Beijing, China

Abstract

The optical properties of aerosols and their chemical composition, including water-soluble ions, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC) in PM2.5 and PM10, were measured from 26 May to 30 June of 2012 at an urban site in Beijing. The daily average concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were 103.2 and 159.6 μg/m3, respectively. On average, the OC and EC contributed 20.1% and 4.3%, respectively, to PM2.5 and 16.3% and 3.9%, respectively, to PM10. Secondary ions (SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+) dominated the water-soluble ions and accounted for 57.9% and 62.6% of PM2.5 and PM10, respectively. The wind dependence of PM2.5, OC, SO42-, and NO3- implied that the pollution sources mainly came from south and southeast of Beijing during the summer. The monthly mean values of the scattering coefficient (σsc) and absorption coefficient (σab) at 525 nm were 312.9 and 28.7 Mm-1, respectively, and the mean single-scattering albedo (ω) was 0.85. The wind dependence of σsc revealed that this value was mainly influenced by regional transport during the summer, and the relationship between σab and wind indicated that a high σab resulted from the joint effects of local emissions and regional transport. The reconstructed σsc that was derived from the revised IMPROVE equation agreed well with the observations. The contribution of different chemical species to σsc was investigated under different pollution levels, and it was found that secondary inorganic aerosols accounted for a large part of σsc during pollution episodes (35.7%), while organic matter was the main contributor to σsc under clean conditions (33.6%).