The Level of Expressed Emotion (LEE) scale was developed to provide an index of the perceived emotional climate in a person's influential relationships. Unlike existing measures, the scale was constructed on the basis of a conceptual framework described by expressed emotion theorists. In addition to providing an overall score, the 60-item scale assesses the following four characteristic attitudes or response styles of significant others: In-trusiveness, emotional response, attitude toward illness, and tolerance/ex-pectations. The scale underwent extensive psychometric development procedures: (1) theoretically based item generation; (2) pilot testing with normal and psychiatric populations to select the final items; and (3) construct validation within a schizophrenic population. The results were quite favorable and indicate that the LEE scale has sound psychometric properties of internal consistency; reliability; independence from sex, age, and amount of contacts ; and construct validity.
CITATION STYLE
Cole J D, & Kazarian S S. (1988). The Level of Expressed Emotion Scale: A New Measure of Expressed Emotion. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44(3), 392–397.
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