Multi-criteria grid impact evaluation of heat pump and photovoltaic based zero-energy dwellings

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Abstract

A multi-criteria evaluation of the impact on the electricity distribution grid in a residential built environment evolving towards nearly zero-energy is presented. A testbed is set up for the Belgian context with existing distribution grid topologies and urban planning. The latter is used for a Monte-Carlo simulation varying the degree of implementation of residential heat pump (HP) and photovoltaic (PV) systems. Local technical feeder constraints consisting of possible transformer overload, impermissible voltage quality and voltage safety controls limits the possible penetration level before local feeder reinforcements are required: grid constraints are reached at penetration levels starting from 0.32, depending on local feeder design and sizing. While the integration of HP and PV based nearly zero-energy dwellings can reduced the average net electricity demand from 3 500 down to 530 kWh per houshold without facing technical constraints, the electrical energy losses in the feeder evolve from an average low 16 kWh to 323 kWh per household. The impact of the urban design and geographical energy density on the one hand, and feeder typologies on the other hand on the voltage-related criteria will be researched in future work. Copyright © 2011 by IPAC'11/EPS-AG.

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APA

Baetens, R., & Saelens, D. (2013). Multi-criteria grid impact evaluation of heat pump and photovoltaic based zero-energy dwellings. In Proceedings of BS 2013: 13th Conference of the International Building Performance Simulation Association (pp. 3529–3536).

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