Phenolic Acids in Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) Seeds

Abstract

This chapter provides an evaluation of the nutritional properties of pumpkin seeds. Pumpkin seeds and seed extracts represent a complex mixture of substances, and their effects may not be attributed to just a few ingredients. It is significant for the treatment of BHP, a condition that commonly affects men 50 years and older and involves enlargement of the prostate gland. Pumpkin seeds also contain citrulline, which is attributed with an anti-edematous effect. Furthermore, some as yet not fully described ingredients have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity, as well as a regulatory influence on the bladder musculature. Other effective ingredients are zinc, linoleic, oleic, palmitic, and stearic acids and magnesium salts. They are ubiquitous in pumpkin seeds, but the question of whether they are significant in the relief from BHP-associated discomfort remains unanswered. Pumpkins also contain biologically active components that include polysaccharides, proteins, and peptides. Phenolic acids are distributed in nature in their free and bound forms and are ubiquitous in plants. Despite the ubiquitous presence of phenolic acids in plant-based food and their role as dietary antioxidants, until recently the literature about the presence of phenolic compounds in pumpkin C. pepo has been limited. They represent 30% of polyphenols taken by diet and have an antioxidant capacity that is related to their health-promoting features. A certain profile of phenolic acids is also present in pumpkin seed and may contribute to the prevention or cure of different disorders in humans.