The role of design in research: The integrative learning design framework

Abstract

In this article, a general model is proposed for design research in ed-ucation that grows out of the author’s research and work in relateddesign fields. The model emphasizes the stage sensitivity of (a) re-search questions, (b) data and methods, and (c) the need for re-searchers to design artifacts, processes, and analyses at earlier stagesin their research that can then be profitably used (perhaps by differ-ent researchers) in later stages