Social roles and behaviour.

Abstract

(from the book) [book section covering several chapters] "Cross-Cultural Analysis of Working: Definitions, Centrality and Normative Views" / P. J. D. Drenth / place three central questions in a cross cultural context: what are the individual definitions of working, which position does the work role take vis a vis other life values, and which normative views are held with respect to working "Work-Related Values: A German/American Comparison" / Barbara B. Ellis / demonstrate that between two seemingly similar national groups, similar in that both are so-called Western industrialized cultures (West Germany and the United States), there are significant differences in work-related values / the relevance of cultural value differences for theories of work motivation is also discussed "Work Cognitions and Cultural Identity" / John Holt and Daphne M. Keats / investigate the influence of cultural interaction on work cognition structures "The Cultural Context of Leadership Action" / Peter B. Smith, Mark Peterson, Jyuji Misumi and Monir Tayeb / starting point for the present study is provided by an extensive series of studies by Misumi in Japan which has shown that in that country a two-factor theory of leadership can specify effective leadership style over a wide range of types of organisation and organisation levels / purpose here is to clarify whether these markedy different findings may be best explained in terms of the use of different research methods and concepts, or whether they represent a substantive difference in the nature of superior-subordinate relations in Japanese and Western organisations "Repertory Grid Analysis of Indian Clerks' and Teachers' Work and Non-Work Constructs" / Usha Kumar / focused on the personal constructs of Indian paid workers / the underlying issue was the relationship between work and nonwork in the life space of these people "Sex Stereotypes in Portugal and Singapore" / John E. Williams, Deborah L. Best, Colleen Ward and Felix Neto / reports on the extension of sex stereotype research in the countries of Singapore and Portugal both of which were "targets of opportunity" based on the geographical location and research interests of two of the authors "Women's Role Perceptions: A Cross-Cultural Comparison" / F. S. Niles / a cross-cultural study was undertaken in Nigeria and Australia to examine women's perception of their role and status, both in the work place as well as in the home "Loneliness and Psychological Adjustment of Sojourners: New Perspectives on Culture Shock" / B. Ellen Stone Feinstein and Colleen Ward / examined a range of clinical, cognitive and behavioural variables frequently cited in the "culture shock" literature as predictors of cross-cultural adaptation "The Role of the Wife in the International Macro-Society" / Birgit Oberg and Sylvia G. Linde / correlational study concerned with relationships which may exist among women from different age groups, national origins and educational backgrounds and their attitudes in regard to their roles in life "Intergenerational Interdependence: A Cross-Cultural Study of the Care of Elderly Patients" / Alice Munnings / looks at intergenerational support, focusing on care of elderly parents by children "Punctuality: National and Religious Differences" / John S. Watson and Judith M. Kearins / assess further the hypothesis that nations differ in punctuality as a function of the dominant Christian religion, Catholic or Protestant, in the population / furthermore, punctuality differences between Catholics and Protestants within countries were investigated (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)