Heat Transfer in Nanofluids

Abstract

Heat transfer can be enhanced by employing techniques and methodologies, such as increasing either the heat transfer surface or the heat transfer coef-ficient between the Šuid and the surface that provide high heat transfer rates in small volumes. This can be accomplished in two ways: either enhancing the heat transfer capability of the Šuid itself by using nanoparticles. The new techniques and methodologies, the particular materials, the strong miniaturisation and the employment of nanoparticles in the Šuids require the evaluation of new heat transfer modes. In the last years, research activities have been very intensive in order to solve these problems, and several novel techniques have been proposed and studied theoretically, numerically and experimentally. Moreover, a deeper knowledge of the phenomenological aspects allows a better thermal design and the optimisation of thermal configurations.