Complex fractures of the proximal humerus

Abstract

Fractures of the proximal humerus may be really challenging both in young patients and in the elderly population. Complex articular fractures should be mainly fixed in the young patient with good bone quality. Plate fixation is more commonly used, but nailing is gaining popularity in order to avoid osteonecrosis. Complex fractures in the elderly are mainly treated nonoperatively or with a reverse shoulder replacement. The use of hemiarthroplasty has been reduced to cases with good tuberosities.