Evaluation of the relationship between bruxism and premature occlusal contacts

Abstract

Aim: This study evaluates the relationship between occlusal interferences and premature contacts and bruxism by determining the relationship between unassisted and assisted nonworking interferences. Materials and methods: In this study, 60 subjects (14 males and 46 females) that consisted of 30 bruxers (7 males, 23 females) and 30 nonbruxers (7 males, 23 females) were selected after completion of a questionnaire based on the exclusion criteria. Occlusal interferences in the centric relation and eccentric movements in the two groups were evaluated and recorded. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 16) using the Chi-square and paired t-tests. Results: The results showed a statistically significant relationship between bruxism and nonworking interferences (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant relationship in the centric relation and other eccentric movements (p > 0.05). The number of assisted nonworking occlusal contacts was more than unassisted nonworking occlusal contacts. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, there is a relationship between certain types of occlusal interferences (nonworking interferences) and bruxism. Hence, it would be useful to examine occlusal contacts in bruxing patients to eliminate probable causative or contributing occlusal factors. Both assisted and unassisted nonworking occlusal contacts should be evaluated. Clinical implication: Bruxism is an oral habit that consists of involuntary rhythmic or spasmodic nonfunctional gnashing, grinding or teeth clenching, other than chewing movements by the mandible. Bruxism may lead to occlusal trauma, tooth wear, fracture of the teeth and fillings, and hypertrophy of the masticatory muscles. Treatment of bruxism needs a correct diagnosis. Therefore, it is useful to determine the relationship between occlusal interferences and bruxism in order to prevent its development by adjusting for these interferences.